The Robinson-Pierpont 2026 text
The main text follows The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform 2026, edited by Maurice A. Robinson and William G. Pierpont. Every change since the 2005 edition is listed in Appendix A.
The Greek New Testament According to the Byzantine Text
The Robinson-Pierpont 2026 text, compared on every page with eleven landmark editions, and with the manuscripts behind fifty key variants.
Free from Biblical Studies and Reviews. In the public domain since 16 August 2026. Other ways to read it.
The Greek New Testament is sacred scripture. This edition and its interactive tools are designed to help you explore the text, examine its evidence, and read it with clarity.
Πᾶσα γραφὴ θεόπνευστος καὶ ὠφέλιμος πρὸς διδασκαλίαν, πρὸς ἔλεγχον, πρὸς ἐπανόρθωσιν, πρὸς παιδείαν τὴν ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ.
Every scripture is inspired of God, and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for instruction which is in righteousness.
2 Timothy 3:16
Go beyond the printed page
Four tools made from the edition itself, to take you further into the text and the evidence behind it.
28 read the longer form
4 read the shorter form
Fifty variants
Read each variant in plain English, then see every manuscript that supports each reading on a timeline from the third century on.
Browse the variantsHow often each edition differs from the main text
Compare editions
All 10,178 notes of the Edition Apparatus, counted. See which editions agree with the main text, where the notes fall and where they change the English, and what kind of differences they record.
See the figuresGreek word or phraseκακειKind of differenceCrasis (two words written as one)
34 readings found, with page numbers
Explore variants
Find every note by edition, passage, kind of difference, whether it changes the English, or Greek or English word. Type Greek or CCAT beta code. See each verse in Greek and English with the note’s words shaded, and download the results as a spreadsheet.
Explore the notesThe 125 cited manuscripts, by century
Manuscripts
Every manuscript cited in the edition, with its name, date and location, and links to its entry in the Liste and to images.
Browse the manuscriptsWhat's inside
For pastors, students, and scholars of Scripture. When modern translations differ, this edition lets you see which Greek New Testament editions stand behind each reading, and, for fifty significant variants, what the early manuscripts say.
The Edition Apparatus
The first set of footnotes. New digital collations compare the main text against eleven landmark printed editions and show where they read differently. Minor differences, such as accents, punctuation, movable nu and final sigma, and spacing in compound words, are not recorded.
The Manuscript Apparatus
The second set of footnotes, printed below the first. For fifty significant variants chosen by the editorial committee, it lists every papyrus and uncial extant at that point (ninth century and earlier), plus select minuscules through the tenth century.
Four appendices
Edition changes, corrections to the comparison editions, alternate readings and lengthy variants, and a dated list of every manuscript cited. See the appendices.
The eleven editions compared in the Edition Apparatus fall into three families. The apparatus also records the alternate Byzantine readings that Robinson-Pierpont offer for their own text.
Byzantine family
- HF
- Hodges & Farstad, Majority Text, 2nd ed.
- PCK
- Pickering, Family 35, 3rd ed.
- PT
- Antoniades, Patriarchal Text, 1912
Critical text
- ECM
- Editio Critica Maior
- NA27
- Nestle-Aland, 27th ed.
- NA28
- Nestle-Aland, 28th ed.
- SBL
- SBL Greek New Testament
- TH
- Tyndale House
- WH
- Westcott & Hort
Textus Receptus
- SCR
- Scrivener, 1894
- ST
- Stephanus, 1550
Also recorded
- RPmg
- Robinson-Pierpont alternate Byzantine readings
The fifty passages in the Manuscript Apparatus
- Matthew 1:25 3
- Matthew 3:11 6
- Matthew 4:10 7
- Matthew 6:13 13
- Matthew 12:47 33
- Matthew 17:21 49
- Matthew 18:11 50
- Matthew 23:13–14 66
- Matthew 25:13 73
- Matthew 28:9 87
- Mark 1:2 89
- Mark 2:16 95
- Mark 7:16 114
- Mark 9:29 123
- Mark 11:26 132
- Mark 13:14 139
- Mark 15:28 150
- Mark 16:9–20 153
- Luke 4:4 168
- Luke 9:55–56 196
- Luke 17:36 225
- Luke 23:17 247
- Luke 23:34 248
- John 1:18 256
- John 5:3–4 268
- John 7:53–8:11 281
- John 12:1 297
- Acts 8:37 353
- Acts 12:25 367
- Acts 15:34 378
- Acts 28:29 423
- Romans 8:1 438
- Romans 14:24–26 451
- Romans 16:24 456
- 1 Corinthians 10:28 474
- Ephesians 5:30 532
- Philippians 3:16 540
- 1 Thessalonians 1:1 551
- 2 Thessalonians 2:3 560
- 1 Timothy 3:16 566
- Hebrews 3:6 588
- Hebrews 11:37 603
- James 4:4 614
- 1 Peter 4:14 626
- 1 John 2:23 637
- 1 John 5:7–8 642
- 3 John 1:12 648
- Revelation 2:20 658
- Revelation 16:9 688
- Revelation 22:14 705
How to read a page
This is page 3 of the edition, Matthew 1:23–2:9. Click any outlined part of the page to see what it does.
Start anywhere
Click the Greek text, a verse number, a small footnote letter, or either set of footnotes at the bottom of the page. You can also use the buttons below.
Sample pages
Page through a few pages of the edition. Click a page to open it full size.
The appendices
Four appendices at the back of the volume document the text and the evidence behind the apparatuses.
- Appendix A
Robinson-Pierpont edition changes
Every change to the Robinson-Pierpont main text from 2005 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2026, plus the changes to their alternate Byzantine readings. See this appendix here.
- Appendix B
Comparison edition corrections
The typographical errors found in the printed comparison editions, and the readings the apparatus records in their place. See this appendix here.
- Appendix C
Alternate readings & lengthy variants
Alternate Byzantine readings in the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53–8:11) and Acts 24:6–8, and the long variants of Matthew 23:13–14 printed in full. See this appendix here.
- Appendix D
List of cited manuscripts
Every manuscript cited in the Manuscript Apparatus, with its Gregory-Aland number, letter, contents and accepted date. Browse them with names and locations. See the appendix here.
Given to the public
The entire edition, including the apparatuses and introductory material, is in the public domain. Scripture belongs to the Body of Christ.
16 August 2026
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“Guardian Press, LLC and J. Jeffrey Dodson hereby dedicate this work to the public domain by waiving all rights to the work worldwide under copyright law.”
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Dodson, J. Jeffrey, and Dwayne Green, eds. The Greek New Testament According to the Byzantine Text. Guardian Press, 2026. https://greeknt.org/.
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